Waves

• Waves are oscillations (vibrations) that cause the transfer of energy.

• The oscillations occur about a fixed point, while the wave energy moves in a particular direction.

• There are two types of waves: mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves.

Water waves are just one type of wave.

(Image: NeuPaddy, Pixabay)

Mechanical Waves

• Mechanical waves are oscillations that require a medium (matter).

• The oscillations involve movement of particles within the medium.

• Therefore, mechanical waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases, but cannot travel through a vacuum.

• Examples of mechanical waves:

• Sound waves

• Seismic waves

• Water waves

• Waves caused by moving objects such as a rope or a slinky

Mechanical waves, such as sound waves, cannot travel through a vacuum.

(Image: Hawksky, Pixabay)

Electromagnetic Waves

• Electromagnetic waves are oscillations that do not require a medium.

• The oscillations involve fluctuations in an electromagnetic field.

• Therefore, electromagnetic waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases, and can travel through a vacuum.

• Examples of electromagnetic waves:

• Radio waves

• Microwaves

• Infrared radiation

• Visible light

• Ultraviolet radiation

• X-rays

• Gamma rays

Electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves, can travel through a vacuum.

(Image: becuffin, Pixabay)